Contraindications for pregnancy and childbirth. Contraindications for pregnant women: what is not allowed in normal life, food and sports

Alcohol and smoking

Alcoholic drinks are not the best choice for anyone, but they are strictly prohibited for pregnant mothers. The fact is that alcohol has a destructive effect not only on the physical, but also on the intellectual development of the unborn baby. Drinking alcohol can lead to significant problems with the nervous system and all sorts of developmental defects in the baby.

Smoking causes so many negative consequences that, knowing about them, not a single expectant mother will come one meter closer to a cigarette. In addition to shortening the child’s weight and height, tobacco interferes with the normal development of the baby’s pulmonary system, which ultimately ends in asthma. Because of nicotine, a baby may be born with underdeveloped organs. This is not to mention how much smoking increases the likelihood of sudden infant death syndrome.

Planning a pregnancy

The only way to reduce complications for mother and fetus is to plan pregnancy. 3 months before the expected pregnancy, it is necessary to achieve full compensation of the disease. Contraception should be canceled only when the level of glycosylated hemoglobin reaches 5.8%. This indicator is the most accurate determinant of the degree of compensation.

Maintaining normoglycemia in the first 7 weeks of gestation will prevent the development of congenital malformations of the fetus. After all, this period is the most important for the laying of organs.

If a woman takes glucose-lowering pills, then before planning a pregnancy she is switched to insulin. Tablet drugs are strictly contraindicated for pregnant women.

Women's joys

Some doctors do not advise women carrying a child to go to hairdressing salons. In the first months, this prohibition is not so categorical, because the only danger to pregnancy at this stage is ammonia. If you dye your hair with natural dyes, you can remain a visitor to your favorite beauty salon for some time.

To avoid the entry of harmful chemicals into the body of the mother and baby, it is not recommended to use hairspray and other sprays that negatively affect the lungs while carrying a child.

What is prohibited during pregnancy

Now you need to understand what a girl is strictly forbidden to do when she is carrying a child:

• Drinking alcohol . It is under the strictest ban. Even a few glasses of red wine can negatively affect the health of the unborn baby. Moreover, alcohol can cause long and difficult labor, as well as miscarriage.
• Smoking . Scientists have proven that a child’s addiction to smoking can arise even at the stage when a girl is pregnant with him. Plus, the immune system is weakened, and the lungs become not fully developed. If you are planning a pregnancy, it is recommended to give up nicotine several months before its expected start.
• Eating the wrong foods . First of all, for the next nine months you can forget about both raw eggs and scrambled eggs. Boiled milk is now prohibited. You should also not eat sushi, sausage, minced meat, blue cheese and raw meat.
• Eat for two. The body needs only 200 kcal more during pregnancy. Overeating can lead to diabetes during pregnancy and significantly complicate childbirth.
• To drink coffee . During pregnancy, there is a taboo on coffee, as well as strong black tea. Caffeine - this substance is contained in both drinks, it can greatly harm the unborn baby.
• Self-medicate . Since immunity decreases significantly, the girl begins to get sick more often. At this time, self-medication is strictly prohibited. Only a doctor can prescribe all necessary medications. And even more so, there is no need to look towards traditional medicine.
• Take hot baths. If the water temperature is more than +39 degrees, this may negatively affect the formation of the fetus.
• To engage in the gym. Heavy physical activity is now prohibited.
• Clean up the cat litter. There is a high probability of contracting toxoplasmosis.
• Walk in high heels. This creates unnecessary stress on the spine. After giving birth, you may experience back pain.

Water treatments

Experts advise to be extremely careful when bathing in the early stages, since even a minor ailment should stop the mother from undergoing procedures. In most cases, even mild signs of feeling unwell can be an indication of a urinary tract infection, in which taking a bath is strictly prohibited.

If a woman feels unwell during the procedures, she should not try to get out of the bathroom on her own. If you fail to hold on, you can fall and cause irreparable harm to the child. You need to take a bath with helpers so that if necessary, your family can help you get into or out of the bathtub. It is important to choose the right water temperature - it should not be cold, but not hot.

During pregnancy you do not need to use:

• cinnamon;
• cedar;
• cypress;
• basil;
• lemongrass;
• juniper.

These aromas are ways to greatly invigorate a pregnant woman and increase the tone of the uterus. In some cases, doctors also prohibit oils containing chamomile, rosewood and sandalwood.

What expectant mothers really need are herbal baths with calendula, mint and chamomile, which are added in any form. Some women put the herb in a cloth bag that they tie to the edge of the bathtub. In water, herbs begin to distribute their beneficial properties.

Herbs to preserve pregnancy

Very common pregnancy problems are toxicosis and the threat of miscarriage or premature birth. To eliminate such conditions, herbalists prescribe herbal infusions from various herbs.

For example, this could be a collection of medicinal herbs :

• raspberry branches,
• cinquefoil grass,
• plantain leaf.

These herbs have the ability to relieve spasms of smooth muscles, therefore they are one of the best natural remedies for getting rid of tone and eliminating muscle tension in the walls of the uterus. Having such beneficial properties, these fees reduce the risk of early miscarriage and premature birth and are especially recommended for women suffering from miscarriage and having a history of several miscarriages.

For toxicosis, collection from other plants is required:

• Melissa,
• lavender,
• chamomile flowers,
• peppermint,
• raspberry fruits.

The listed herbs in the form of decoctions effectively combat insomnia, and if you add valerian to this composition, you will get a good remedy for nervous tension and depression.

Medicines

Under no circumstances should you self-medicate, especially in cases where a woman is ready to give the world another little man. There are a number of drugs that are dangerous for the expectant mother:

• Progestin;
• Quinine;
• Retinoids;
• Trimethadine;
• Aminopterin.

Also, doctors do not recommend injections in the early stages.

There is one delicate task that should not be performed by a woman in an “interesting” position. This is a change of cat litter. If you have someone to ask to handle this procedure, then do not hesitate. This is not an idle whim. The fact is that when changing cat litter, there is a danger of contracting toxoplamosis. This disease leads to slow growth and mental development of the baby. In addition, the disease has a devastating effect on vision.

A pregnant woman should not be denied food or requests

A popular belief says that if a pregnant woman is denied anything, she will have a very difficult time giving birth. This sign has its own explanation - when carrying a child, a woman asks only for what her body requires at the moment, that is, what the child’s body requires. Therefore, a woman needs to be provided with the food that she needs, that her body needs, because all this later ends up in the baby’s body. But there must still be a measure! A little bit of all the best, as they say!

In reality, women who are expecting a child should not be denied, nor should they deny themselves anything, but this still does not affect the birth process in any way. If the doctor has banned you from certain foods, then even if you have a strong desire, you need to give them up.

Physical exercise

During pregnancy, it is necessary to control your physical activity, but you do not need to completely limit yourself in sports. Experts even advise training while cleaning the apartment or cooking. It is very important to monitor your breathing, alternate inhalation and exhalation correctly to improve metabolism and blood flow to the muscles.

Be healthy!

Video - Nutrition during pregnancy

Video - What pregnant women should not do

It happens that a woman has been thinking about a child for years, finally decides to conceive, comes for an examination and hears from the doctor: “But you, my dear, cannot give birth. You have absolute contraindications to pregnancy

…" What it is? Let's figure it out together!

Obstacle to pregnancy

First of all, we are talking about diseases that are associated with serious dysfunctions of the heart and circulatory disorders - this is a complex form of hypertension and heart defects. It should be noted that not all heart defects can be an absolute contraindication to conceiving and carrying a baby, but all of them, without exception, require special and careful monitoring during an “interesting position” and childbirth. For women with heart defects, doctors usually recommend delivery

only by caesarean section.
The second rather dangerous group of diseases are lung diseases, because they can provoke respiratory failure in a woman. Contraindications to pregnancy
are also kidney diseases, which are associated with acute and chronic renal failure - glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, etc. With such kidney problems, even if pregnancy, according to experts, is acceptable, constant monitoring of the pregnant woman’s condition is necessary.

Is it possible to have a child

Epilepsy is a chronic pathology that affects the brain and makes itself felt by regular seizures. A classic attack develops against the background of a change in the electrical activity of the brain and is manifested by disturbances in the perception of reality and active motor signs.

During seizures, the arms, legs and torso are seized with convulsive contractions, the patient falls to the ground, and foamy liquid is released from the mouth. Also, attacks may be accompanied by involuntary urination.

Seizures are dangerous for the life of the fetus during pregnancy, the likelihood of a bad outcome exists and is quite high, so the decision to become pregnant for a woman with this pathology is quite bold.

However, if you believe the statistics, everything is not so bad.

Manifestations of epilepsy are observed in approximately 1% of the world's population, and among pregnant women the prevalence is about 0.3-0.6%.

And although the risk of developing this disease in a child with maternal illness is twice as high as average, more than 90% of children born to such women are absolutely healthy.

The statistical data is quite encouraging, therefore there is a chance to carry and give birth to a child normally. Patients with epilepsy are prescribed special medications that are aimed at achieving remission.

Doctors are usually not against pregnancy with periodic seizures, but they focus on their nature. Thus, it is believed that focal seizures, which are not complicated by secondary generalization, do not affect the intrauterine development of the fetus.

In the absence of convulsive generalized attacks, the period is considered favorable for pregnancy, even if remission is incomplete.

Indications for conception with this pathology are as follows:

1. Stable drug remission.
2. Subcompensation of the disease, accompanied by rare seizures.

Can a woman with epilepsy plan a pregnancy? Is natural childbirth possible? About this in the video:

Serious illnesses and conception

Pregnancy is contraindicated for women suffering from systemic autoimmune diseases. We are talking, first of all, about lupus erythematosus, cirrhosis of the liver, scleroderma, and active rheumatic process. For which diseases is pregnancy contraindicated? Contraindications also include all cancer and endocrine diseases that occur in severe form. Pregnancy is also not recommended for women with epilepsy, since it is almost impossible for a mother to bear a baby with such a diagnosis.

Video: how to take care of yourself during pregnancy

Pregnancy planning is necessary for every woman, especially those with diabetes. Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism can lead to serious complications for both the fetus and the expectant mother. The question of whether pregnancy is contraindicated in diabetes mellitus is decided at the planning stage or in the first trimester.

Diabetes mellitus is a severe metabolic disorder. It is advisable to determine contraindications to pregnancy with diabetes in the first trimester. Pregnancy can be life-threatening for both mother and baby.

Genetic hereditary diseases

They constitute a separate group of contraindications. In some cases, pregnancy for women with such problems is prohibited, while others allow some options - for example, using a donor egg or performing a chorionic villus biopsy at a sufficiently early stage to exclude abnormalities in the baby. In some cases, a doctor may even suggest sterilization to a woman who suffers from one of the above diseases in order to completely eliminate the risk of pregnancy. But this does not mean that you cannot have children at all. Today, becoming a mother is also possible by using the services of a surrogate mother or simply by adopting a child! So all is not lost!

The period of waiting for a child is the most anxious, exciting and responsible time for a woman. The primary task of a pregnant woman is to adjust her lifestyle in such a way as to eliminate all risks for the baby.

What pregnant women should absolutely not do:

In order for the embryo to grow and develop harmoniously, you need to give up some habits. Of course, at first it can be very difficult, but believe me, you will understand that all the hardships were worth it when you hold a healthy and rosy baby in your arms for the first time.

- in the early stages

In the first half of pregnancy you cannot:

• Smoking and drinking alcohol
  is the most obvious advice, but it’s still worth mentioning. Alcohol, along with nicotine, can cause miscarriage, prematurity and severe intrauterine developmental defects.
• Have sex, especially without protection.
  Sexual intercourse in the early stages can provoke hypertonicity of the uterus and cause detachment of the fertilized egg. As for the need for protection, sexually transmitted diseases are a serious danger to the embryo.
• Take medications uncontrollably.
  Everything that enters your body, one way or another, can affect the condition of the child. Therefore, if you need to get rid of any physical discomfort with the help of medications, coordinate your decision with your doctor.

Reference!
The choice of dietary supplements and vitamin-mineral complexes should also be agreed with your doctor.

• Experience physical and psychological overload.
  If your job involves stress or physical activity, it is better to refuse it. Overload can most likely lead to miscarriage, developmental defects, or even miscarriage.
• Take hot baths, visit the sauna, steam your feet.
  High temperatures cause blood vessels to dilate and lower blood pressure. This condition can cause miscarriage.
• Clean the toilet after the cat/dog/turtle.
  Contact with street animals. Cats are the main carriers of toxoplasmosis, dogs are breeding grounds for rabies, and a pet turtle can transmit salmonellosis. If you have pets, delegate the care of them to other family members. Refrain from buying new pets, and under no circumstances come into contact with street animals.
• Have chickenpox, rubella.
  These diseases are extremely dangerous for an adult, and even more so for a pregnant woman. Avoid all places with large crowds of children, and also do not have contact with sick children. At the stage of pregnancy planning, do a blood test for antibodies against the pathogen, and if you did not have the disease in childhood, get vaccinated.
• Get a cold.
  Of course, this is sometimes difficult, especially considering the need to regularly visit clinics or travel by public transport, but it is necessary to reduce the risks. Dress according to the weather, and during cold season, do not leave home without a protective medical mask.
• Inhale chemical fumes and come into contact with chemical poisons.
  Do not visit the premises if insects have recently been poisoned, and do not apply mosquito cream to your skin without reading the instructions.
• Take fluorography and x-rays (including dental ones).
  Radiation of this kind can adversely affect the condition of the fetus.
• Dye your hair or do chemicals.
  perm. The ban applies to all cosmetic procedures that use harsh chemicals or products with strong fragrances. In the first case, the procedure can affect the condition of the fetus, in the second, it can cause severe attacks of toxicosis.

Note!
Hormonal levels change greatly during pregnancy, and this can affect the coloring result, weakening or distorting the effect of the color.

- in later stages

In the second half of pregnancy, several more points are added to the list of the above prohibitions. At a later stage you cannot:

• Walk in heels.
  The belly becomes rounded, the center of gravity of the body shifts, and high heels only make the situation worse. The spine is curved, and noticeable varicose veins appear on the legs. Choose shoe models with a comfortable insole and stable sole, where the heel height does not exceed 4 cm.
• Participate in the flea market.
  Traveling in a crowded subway car or bus, attending public events - all this can be fraught with injuries, bruises or blows to the stomach.
• Wear tight clothes.
  Make sure in advance that your wardrobe includes loose pants, skirts and dresses that will not pinch your stomach, make breathing difficult and cut off local blood circulation.
• Stimulate labor.
  Sometimes women, trying to “fit” the birth of a child to the desired date, use various practices to provoke contractions. This is an extremely unwise and dangerous activity. Do not try to control natural physiological processes.
• Panic.
  The closer the date of the expected birth, the more anxious and obsessive thoughts enter the mother’s head. If possible, avoid this - set yourself up for positive thinking, do things that give you pleasure and calm you down.

What should pregnant women not do in the early stages?

I remember when I became pregnant, I was very worried about the question: “What should pregnant women not do in the early stages?” I didn’t prepare for pregnancy in advance, so I was worried: did I do everything right, and what if something could harm the baby? In particular, I caught a cold very early in my pregnancy, and, not knowing about the pregnancy, I took some medications.

In the 1st trimester, the baby’s main systems and organs are formed, so during this period it is important to be very careful and vigilant.

• Bad habits

There’s no need to even talk about this, everything has already been said. If you smoked before pregnancy, now is the time to quit. It is better if you do this right away without putting your baby in danger. Gradual withdrawal is the worst option, just an excuse for weak-willed women.

Passive smoking is also harmful, so try to stay away from cigarette smoke.

It's okay if you drank in moderation, for example at a birthday party or other holiday. Many women, not knowing about pregnancy, drink, and then healthy children are born. If alcohol damaged the embryo, the pregnancy would end. And since it continues, then with a high degree of probability everything is fine. A friend of mine found out about her pregnancy immediately after the New Year and the festive feast. The girl is already 8 years old and celebrates her birthday in September!

• Medicines

Antibiotics, antidepressants, tranquilizers, and sleeping pills are especially dangerous. Even harmless medications can disrupt fetal development. Consult a gynecologist.

• X-rays destroy fetal tissue and cause abnormalities in the development of the embryo.

• Lift heavy objects, move furniture

This can cause, at best, uterine tone, and at worst, placental abruption. My friend was in the hospital with a detachment due to her work, where she was forced to lift heavy boxes. For the same reason, other heavy physical activity is excluded.

• Avoid contact with harmful chemicals

Avoid strong detergents, cleaners, polishes and other household chemicals. Although their negative effect on the fetus has not been proven, it is still worth taking care.

• Stay away from construction and finishing materials: paints, varnishes, adhesives, etc.

You cannot contact her in any way. It causes extremely dire consequences.

• Don't poison insects

Insect poisons will harm the unborn child. Try to deal with pests using safe means without using chemicals: hang adhesive tape, put nets on the windows, before going to bed, when ventilating the room, turn off the lights, because. light attracts insects. Mosquitoes are repelled by the smell of tansy, and moths are repelled by the smell of lavender. Even if your neighbors are planning to poison cockroaches, it is better for you to leave home during this period.

• Do not contact other people's animals

In addition to toxoplasmosis, animals are carriers of many other dangerous diseases for pregnant women. Wash your hands thoroughly after handling your pets and after cleaning your pet's litter box.

• Forbidden food

Raw or undercooked meat, raw fish

(Use different cutting boards for cutting meat and vegetables)

Alcohol in any quantity and any strength is excluded

. If you want to relax, take a shower with aromatic gel or oils, watch a comedy, read a book.

Homemade delicacies: sausage, dried fish, etc.

Fresh milk and products made from it

• Undesirable

Sausages, maonnaise, sausages, fried foods, legumes (cause increased gas formation, and this can lead to tone), sweet carbonated drinks, chips, cakes, pastries, ketchup, mustard, horseradish, strong broths, pickled fruits and vegetables.

• Loud sound and vibration destroy embryonic tissue

Therefore, you should not be near loud sound; it is undesirable to attend movie shows with loud sound and discos. If someone is drilling nearby, then leave the room.

And most importantly, you shouldn’t worry, get upset or be nervous. Don't worry, everything will be fine!

FIFA President Joseph Blatter re-elected for a fifth term 05/29/2015

What not to eat during pregnancy:

A correct and balanced menu is the key to the health of both the mother and the baby. Sometimes the expectant mother has spontaneous taste desires. I want something excessively fatty, sweet, salty, or a completely incompatible combination. Let’s try to figure out which desires can be indulged and which ones should not be indulged.

- in the early stages

The first trimester of pregnancy is decisive in many ways. The embryo has just begun its development; all vital organs and systems have not yet had time to form. It is important that the expectant mother prepares a diet for herself that will contain enough “building materials” and a minimum of food “garbage.” The following are prohibited:

Note!

Caffeine interferes with the absorption of calcium and leaches magnesium, phosphorus and potassium from the body.

- in later stages

The second half of pregnancy also has its own list of prohibited foods:

• Fried and fatty foods:
  contain carcinogens that are dangerous for the development of the child, promote the deposition of excess fat and swelling of the limbs.
• Spicy.
  All dishes with a high content of pepper irritate the esophagus, cause flatulence, and in some cases cause severe hypertonicity of the uterus.
• Salty.
  Salt retains fluid in the body and provokes the formation of edema. This greatly worsens the well-being of the expectant mother.

Important!
If you experience an unbearable desire to eat any prohibited product, consult your doctor. Perhaps this is your body's way of signaling a lack of certain nutrients.

Signs of early pregnancy

May 30, 2014065640 Category: Pregnancy

Pregnancy as a diagnosis

Pregnancy is a diagnosis, and diagnosis translated means “management tactics.” Indeed, pregnancy leaves an imprint on a woman’s entire body as a whole, since at this time intense changes occur in all organs and systems of her body.

In addition, pregnancy is a contraindication for prescribing certain drugs, which is especially important for doctors of other specialties to take into account. During pregnancy (here, signs of pregnancy in the early stages before the delay are especially important, that is, the very beginning of a new life), fluorographic or any other x-ray examination, which can be prescribed to a woman, is contraindicated if it is not known that she is pregnant.

Therefore, timely detection of the fact of pregnancy is very important, since proper management of pregnancy from the earliest stages is the key to its successful completion - the birth of a living, viable child. Based on this, knowledge of the early signs of pregnancy is important both for the patient herself and for doctors of various specialties. This is exactly what we will talk about in our article.

Main directions of pregnancy diagnostics

Often, diagnosing early pregnancy presents significant difficulties, since the early signs of pregnancy detected before a missed period are not very specific and can be observed in other conditions and diseases. Diseases of the endocrine glands, neuropsychiatric disorders, stressful situations, and the use of certain medications can imitate the state of pregnancy, which misleads both the doctor and the patient.

The observed hormonal changes during pregnancy lead to the emergence of new subjective sensations, as well as to certain objective changes that are determined by the doctor. In addition to identifying these signs of pregnancy in the early stages, additional research methods are used, which include ultrasound examination and determination of the level of human chorionic gonadotropin in the urine (urine pregnancy test, which can be qualitative and quantitative) and in the blood. These are laboratory signs of pregnancy that can be detected.

But establishing the fact of pregnancy does not yet allow us to put an end to the diagnostic search. At the next stage, it is important to establish where the fertilized egg is located (in the uterus or outside it), as well as whether the pregnancy is developing, that is, to exclude a pregnancy that is not developing.

Thus, the diagnostic search includes three directions:

• pregnancy diagnosis;
• determining the site of implantation of the fertilized egg;
• determination of the heartbeat of the embryo/fetus (an embryo is a fertilized egg up to 8 weeks of development).

Methods for examining pregnant women

What early signs of pregnancy exist and how to identify them? This is the main question that worries many women trying to get pregnant. First, let's look at how you can identify signs of pregnancy.

Detection of pregnancy is based on assessment of:

• complaints and subjective feelings of a woman;
• an objective examination of a woman, which includes examination of the mammary glands and vaginal examination (using mirrors and two-handed examination);
• results of additional research methods (ultrasound, blood and urine tests).

Let us dwell in more detail on additional research methods, since the first signs of pregnancy in the early stages are difficult to diagnose using a conventional clinical examination (questioning, examination, palpation, etc.).

Ultrasound examination makes it possible to establish the presence of pregnancy, its localization, as well as the presence of an embryonic heartbeat, that is, it solves all three main tasks of the diagnostic search. The most reliable and early information can be obtained if the study is carried out using a vaginal sensor. It is important to establish the presence of a heartbeat before 8 weeks of pregnancy, since by this time the formation of the embryo’s heart has already occurred.

If by this time there are no fetal heartbeats, then most likely the pregnancy has frozen (non-developing pregnancy).

Determination of human chorionic gonadotropin in the blood or urine (a sign of pregnancy in the early stages - 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks) allows you to diagnose the presence of a fertilized egg. However, it does not provide precise information about the place of its implantation. This can only be judged indirectly - the discrepancy between the level of this hormone (less than normal) and the expected period of pregnancy.

The same can be said about the viability of the product of conception. If the level of human chorionic gonadotropin corresponds to the gestational age, then the pregnancy develops normally, but if it is less than normal, then one must think about either a frozen pregnancy or an ectopic pregnancy.

Very rarely, there may be a significant increase in this hormone, which is regarded as a serious pathology and indicates hydatidiform mole or chorionic carcinoma. These are varieties of the so-called trophoblastic disease, which belongs to cancer. A slight increase in human chorionic gonadotropin is the earliest sign of twin pregnancy, that is, it does not characterize pathology.

Subjective signs of pregnancy

Subjective signs of pregnancy are signs of early pregnancy, which in the medical literature are called doubtful signs. The woman herself talks about these signs. Their appearance is associated with hormonal changes that occur in the mother’s body if an egg is fertilized by a sperm. For the same reason, objective symptoms appear, which are identified by the doctor during a thorough examination of the woman.

They are the second most important in the diagnostic search and are called probable signs of pregnancy. The most reliable signs are those that are determined only in the second half of pregnancy.

These include:

Pregnancy brings its own adjustments to a woman’s ordinary life, interpreting its conditions for her and radically changing her way of existence. There are many rules and prohibitions that must be observed so that the long-awaited baby comes into our world not only healthy, but also happy.

“No” must be said during pregnancy

Don’t believe that one cigarette or glass of champagne will not harm your child in any way! The negative effects of ethanol on intrauterine development of the fetus have been scientifically proven:

• brain pathology;
• facial deformities;
• malformations of internal organs.

dangerous Here are the dangers of drinking alcohol during pregnancy. Smoking during this period has no less detrimental effect on the fetus than alcohol. Carbon monoxide contained in cigarette smoke replaces oxygen in hemoglobin, which is delivered to the fetus through the bloodstream, and the child begins to experience hypoxia (lack of oxygen). Intrauterine hypoxia is fraught with the birth of a low-weight fetus, premature placental abruption, the threat of premature birth and even antenatal death of the child.

In the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, if possible, it is better to stop taking any medications. In the second and third trimester, taking medications is generally contraindicated; their use is permissible only when the expected benefit outweighs the possible risks of developing pathology for the fetus. Therefore, during pregnancy, carefully monitor your health! Do not engage in self-diagnosis and self-medication! It is better to consult a doctor once again than to regret later about the harm caused to the baby’s health.

Of course, you shouldn’t give up physical exercise completely, especially if you were actively involved in athletics or aerobics before pregnancy, for example, but now not all sports are becoming acceptable for the body. That category of sports exercises, including jumping, running, lifting weights, falling and hitting, is strictly contraindicated during this period and should be excluded, since it can provoke a miscarriage or cause serious injury. Now the optimal sports are swimming, Pilates or yoga for pregnant women, oriental belly dancing, and walking in the fresh air.

Obstetrician-gynecologists strongly recommend that pregnant women avoid prolonged exposure to the sun. Firstly, you can get sunstroke or heatstroke, which will undoubtedly have an adverse effect on the child, and this can also provoke the threat of termination of pregnancy. Secondly, under the influence of hormones in the body and excess ultraviolet rays, age spots can form on the skin.

For example, fresh or poorly cooked chicken eggs can cause salmonellosis, and poorly cooked meat can cause toxoplasmosis. Coffee is one of the foods that is the subject of debate whether it can or cannot be consumed during pregnancy. The caffeine contained in it leads to stress on the cardiovascular system in the mother and fetus, and can even lead to miscarriage. But this outcome is only allowed if you drink more than three cups of espresso per day. Salted, smoked and canned foods - their consumption should begin to be limited after the 20th week of pregnancy, as they cause an irresistible desire to drink a lot of liquid, which can lead to edema. Of course, the choice of food during pregnancy must be approached thoughtfully, rationally and correctly.

important: X-rays and fluorography are strictly prohibited for pregnant women. X-rays easily penetrate the body and affect the baby’s nervous system.

Usually in the word “stress” we include the concept of “trouble” or “problem”. Meanwhile, pregnancy itself is a kind of stress for the body. Perhaps it would be more correct to ask expectant mothers not to worry about trifles, to rest more, and to avoid conflicts in the family and at work. Pregnant women should not be nervous - negative emotions can have a negative impact on the child. It is believed that if a woman was in constant worry and stress throughout her pregnancy, screaming and swearing, then the child will be born nervous and tearful.

Traveling long distances

You should especially avoid such trips in the later stages of pregnancy. Prolonged sitting and vibration emanating from a vehicle can cause premature labor. In addition, a pregnant woman staying in one position for a long time disrupts blood flow in the lower part of the body (pelvis), which is fraught with hypoxia for the child.

Beloved pets can become carriers of dangerous diseases. So a faithful dog can bring helminths and rabies into the house; of course, if you examine it at the veterinarian in due time and get all the necessary vaccinations, then the risks are significantly reduced. Domestic cats often become carriers of toxoplasmosis, a very dangerous disease for pregnant women. It is even better not to touch strangers and stray animals, and it is better to delegate cleaning the cat litter to other family members. As a last resort, use rubber gloves and then wash your hands thoroughly. There is also a popular belief associated with these fluffy and affectionate animals. It is believed that pregnant women should not pet a cat, play with it or pick it up, as if the child would then have many enemies in life.

This point is advisory in nature, since it’s up to you to believe or not in “old wives’ tales” related to pregnancy. Here are some of them:

• You can’t cut your hair during pregnancy
  , as you allegedly “shorten the child’s life.” Some beliefs do not allow cutting your hair just before childbirth, otherwise the baby will be stillborn. But from a medical point of view, cutting hair during pregnancy cannot bring any danger;
• You cannot take photographs of pregnant women
  . The reason is the same as with a haircut. It is believed that we seem to stop the development of the fetus. However, photo sessions of pregnant women at different stages and photos of babies already born to them categorically contradict this statement;
• You cannot tell anyone the date of your expected birth
  . Previously, it was believed that secret childbirth was easier and faster, but in fact this cannot in any way affect the nature of the birth, especially since the date is “supposed” because it is not known when this day will come;
• You cannot sew, knit or embroider during pregnancy
  : the baby may become entangled in the umbilical cord. Nevertheless, pregnant women do it with pleasure: and no wonder, because it is a pleasant and calming activity. The only recommendation for expectant mothers is that while doing needlework, take regular breaks in order to reduce the static load and restore blood flow in the pelvis;
• You can’t sit with your legs crossed
  , as if the child will be born with crooked legs. Indeed, it is undesirable for pregnant women to sit with their legs crossed, but the reason for this prohibition lies in the fact that with this position of the body, blood circulation in the lower part of the woman’s body is disrupted, contributing to the development of varicose veins and edema;
• A woman cannot look at scary and ugly things all the time
  : the child will be born ugly. The appearance of the baby depends entirely on the father and mother, on the genes that he inherited. But looking at terrible things is really not worth it; fear and negative emotions are of no use during this period.

additionally, General contraindications during pregnancy can be supplemented for each woman with a number of individual prohibitions, which your doctor will inform you about after tests and medical examinations. During pregnancy, some things are possible and some things are not, and that’s normal. The main thing is to remain calm and common sense while observing all these “no’s”.

What sports should you not engage in during pregnancy?

Daily walks in the fresh air, light exercise in the morning, yoga and swimming are all extremely useful and productive activities for the expectant mother. But some sports, due to their specificity, will still have to be abandoned.

- in the early stages

• Traumatic sports.
  Martial arts, skateboarding, roller skating, skating, equestrianism. In all of the above sports there is a risk of falling, breaking a limb or getting hit in the stomach.
• Weightlifting.
  Women in an interesting position are prohibited from lifting a load heavier than 5 kg. Neglecting this rule can lead to placental abruption and internal bleeding.
• Intense cardio:
  high and long jumps, running, exercise equipment and all exercises that force the abdominal muscles to tense can cause uterine hypertonicity

Reference!

In European countries, doctors recommend expectant mothers to take leisurely bike rides to strengthen their leg muscles. In Russia, this sport is banned. It is likely that this discrepancy is due to the extremely small number of safe bike paths.

- in later stages

The list of sports prohibitions in the first half of pregnancy also applies to the second. A large belly makes movement very difficult and impairs coordination, so even permitted exercises become more and more difficult to do. Don't overexert yourself and don't force yourself to do things that cause you physical and mental discomfort. Tell your doctor about your feelings and ask them to choose the most gentle and beneficial activities for you.

Conclusion

Pregnancy is not a condition where it is permissible to act by trial and error. You will feel much calmer knowing that your lifestyle is absolutely safe for your baby and contributes to his harmonious development.

Especially for

— Elena Kichak

So, you found out that you are pregnant, what next?

Firstly, it is necessary to immediately and completely abandon bad habits1. If you find it difficult to part with any of them, do not hesitate to admit this to your loved ones and to your doctor who will be managing your pregnancy. By enlisting the advice of a doctor and the support of your family, it will be much easier for you to overcome any addictions that could harm your unborn child.

Secondly, you need to get advice regarding proper nutrition. Many girls fear for their figure and try to secretly put themselves on various diets.

It is important to understand that such methods can seriously disrupt the development of the fetus2, which in this case will not receive all the nutrients it needs. You can maintain your figure without a strict diet

To do this, it is enough to adhere to the principles of healthy eating:

• drink enough water;
• give up flour and sweets - the main source of excess fatty tissue and the enemy of the elasticity of your skin, which now, as the fetus grows, experiences significant stress3;
• eat more cereals, dairy products, vegetables, fruits, whole grain bread, nuts and dried fruits; refuse or try to limit coffee consumption as much as possible;
• avoid foods rich in vitamin A (liver and liver pates), this can lead to fetal malformations4;
• Avoid any fast food, smoked, salty, fatty, fried and spicy foods.

During pregnancy, it is very important to reconsider your sleep and rest patterns. Many pregnant women try to maintain their usual daily routine, often experiencing a constant feeling of fatigue and weakness as a result5

This is not correct and can lead to toxicosis and other adverse consequences. Try to alternate between exercise and rest, be sure to limit heavy physical labor; under no circumstances should you lift more than 3-5 kg ​​- excessive tension can cause an increase in the tone of the uterus, and, as a result, the threat of miscarriage.

But there is no need to go to extremes - complete refusal of physical activity is no less harmful than abuse of exercise. Moderate activity6 is necessary for better blood circulation throughout the body and saturation with oxygen - and this is the key to ensuring that your unborn child receives the necessary amount of nutrients. The best option for physical activity7 for a pregnant woman is walking in the fresh air.

And most importantly, regular visits to your doctor will be the key to a calm and safe pregnancy. Do not neglect medical supervision during such a crucial period in order to identify all possible problems at an early stage and avoid their consequences.

• 1. Women's consultation // Ed. Prof. V.E. Radzinsky. 2nd ed. Petrozavodsk. Intel-tech. 2007 – 274 p.
• 2. Obstetrics and gynecology: Clinical guidelines. Issue 2. // Ed. IN AND. Kulakova, – 2006. – 560 p.
• 3. Obstetrics. Physiology of pregnancy: Textbook // E.G. Gumenyuk, O.K. Pogodin, T.A. Vlasova, PetrSU. – Petrozavodsk: IntelTek, 2004. – 169 p.
• 4. Obstetrics: National Guide + CD // Ed. E.K. Aylamazyan and co-authors. – 2009. – 1200 p.
• 5. Sidorova E.S. The course and management of pregnancy by trimester // E.S. Sidorova. Publishing house "Medical Information Agency", 2007. - 304 p.
• 6. Gynecology according to Emil Novak //Ed. J. Bereka, I. Adasi, P. Hilaard; Per. from English HE. Gorbacheva and others; Ed. Per. V.M. Nechushkina. – M.: Praktika, 2002. – 892 p. – (Classics of modern medicine).
• 7. Obstetrics: Textbook + CD. 2nd ed., revised. and additional // Ed. G.M. Savelyeva. –2007. – 512 pages.

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