Loss of voice: causes and treatment. Medicines and folk remedies for loss of voice

Hoarseness: causes and treatment in adults

There are many medical conditions that can cause hoarseness and hoarseness. From a medical point of view, provoking factors can be divided into several groups:

• inflammatory, which include infectious and non-infectious;
• structural;
• systemic;
• neurological.

Most often, hoarseness occurs due to a cold. As a result of irritation of the mucous membranes, their dryness and inflammation, the sonority of the voice decreases, and in some cases it disappears altogether. Similar symptoms can also occur as a result of bacterial or fungal infections.

Hoarseness can occur as a result of:

• laryngitis;
• pharyngitis;
• whooping cough;
• flu;
• scarlet fever;
• tracheitis and other diseases.

In this case, it is necessary to pay attention not only to the vocal cords, but also to the lesion itself. If the voice of an adult is hoarse without signs of a cold, then we can talk about completely different root causes.

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Most often this occurs due to phenomena such as:

• excessive strain on the vocal cords - strong screaming, prolonged conversation, singing (most often occurs in singers, teachers, artists);
• excessive smoking or drinking alcohol;
• Severe stress or fear can cause not only hoarseness, but the voice may disappear altogether;
• disorders of the thyroid gland;
• various types of formations in the larynx;
• pathologies of development of ENT organs.

General list of causes of hoarseness:

1. Infection in the larynx and vocal cords.
2. Diseases that cause a dry cough.
3. Vascular pathologies - aortic arches, aneurysm, etc.
4. Ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke.
5. Chemical poisoning. Fluoride, chlorine, ammonia and other dangerous irritants can cause hoarseness.
6. Impaired metabolism.
7. Lack of fluid in the body.
8. Burns and mechanical damage to the larynx.
9. Dry, cold or too polluted air.

Complex therapy, the correct selection of medications and suitable procedures will help you quickly get rid of the problem.

Drug therapy

How to cure hoarseness? Treatment in most cases involves treatment of the underlying disease, which led to such a pathology. After complete recovery, problems with the vocal cords go away on their own.

Before a diagnosis is made, throat lozenges such as Faringosept, Septolete, Adjisept, Falimint will help alleviate the condition. They will relieve inflammation and swelling, relieve pain, and restore your voice. Irrigation aerosols have a similar effect. But they should not be used in young children due to the risk of laryngospasm. Adults can safely use Ingalipt, Proposol, Orasept.

How to treat throat infections that cause problems with ligaments? They are treated with topical antiseptics. Erespal has a good anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous effect. It is available in both tablet and syrup form. You can also treat the larynx with Miramistin, a strong antiseptic drug. The simplest and most affordable way to treat throat diseases is to lubricate the affected mucous membrane with Lugol's solution. Hoarseness after local therapy will disappear in 5-7 days.

Diseases of bacterial origin require antibiotic therapy. Most often these are broad-spectrum antibiotics - Ceftriaxone, Amoxiclav, Augmentin, Summed, Clarithromycin, Penicillin. After starting to take a drug from this group, all symptoms of the disease, including hoarseness, disappear in literally 1-2 days. But self-medication in this case is strictly prohibited. Antibiotics do not directly treat ligament pathologies; they are aimed at destroying bacteria.

Hoarseness due to allergies is treated with new generation antihistamines (L-cet, Tavegil, Suprastin, Loratadine, Zyrtec, Claritin). An important condition is the elimination of direct human contact with the allergen. The voice needs attention until it is completely restored. Severe forms of an allergic reaction, accompanied by respiratory failure, require intensive therapy: Prednisolone, Adrenaline, Atropine, Midazolas. In extreme cases, tracheal intubation is performed in a hospital setting.

Gargling has an auxiliary effect in treating the throat. They have a very beneficial effect on the vocal cords and mucous membranes in general. Hoarseness goes away within a couple of days of intensive procedures. Rinsing can be done using regular table salt, adding soda and iodine. The proportions should be as follows: 200 ml of water, 1 teaspoon of bulk ingredients, 2-3 drops of iodine. You can take a decoction of any medicinal herb (chamomile, calendula) or a ready-made herbal solution such as Rotokan. Pharmacy products - Angilex, Chlorophyllipt - help relieve swelling of the throat and return the ligaments to their normal state. The rinsing procedure has virtually no contraindications, so it is used for any respiratory tract diseases.

Chronic laryngitis is well treated using complex techniques in special clinics. We are talking about mineral therapy, ozone-ultraviolet sanitation, lipid therapy, photochemical method, apitherapy. Such procedures are prescribed by the doctor strictly according to individual indications, taking into account the etiology of hoarseness.

At the first signs of hoarseness, you should contact an ENT specialist to determine the cause and prescribe adequate effective treatment. In addition to medications, you should ensure maximum rest for the vocal cords - do not talk and, especially, do not scream. The diet should be gentle: cold, hot, sour, spicy foods are excluded. During treatment, you should stop smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages. In stressful situations, you need to take a sedative (Valerian, Barboval) and just relax. Sudden swelling of the larynx and loss of voice requires an immediate call to the ambulance. Severe hyperemia can quickly lead to suffocation.

Effective medications for hoarseness

If such a problem arises, you should seek advice from an ENT specialist, who will conduct an examination and, based on the primary diagnosis and cause, prescribe appropriate treatment.

Drugs for hoarseness are prescribed to eliminate the infection, as well as to alleviate symptoms. Due to damage to the throat by viruses, fungi or bacteria, very unpleasant sensations may occur, such as a burning sensation in the throat, pain when swallowing, talking, and so on. For a faster recovery, as well as to alleviate painful sensations, certain medications are prescribed.

How to treat hoarseness in adults?

For hoarseness, pharmacological agents are used that have a disinfecting effect on the mucous membrane and eliminate causative agents - pathogenic microorganisms located in the larynx. This helps to moisturize the tissues, protecting them from re-infection and damage, which will lead to a speedy recovery.

In addition to tablets for hoarseness in adults or children, local medications and additional therapy are prescribed that will help restore the vocal cords as quickly as possible. For this purpose, inhalations, lotions, heating and other procedures are used.

Prevention

Aphonia is one of the symptoms of more serious diseases that can lead to complications. To prevent hoarseness or cure it as soon as possible, you must:

1. From the first day of illness, use tablets, lozenges, sprays and medicinal herbs.
2. In a chronic course, one should not allow the development of colds and treat them in a timely manner.
3. You should talk as little as possible to reduce the load on the ligaments.
4. It is not recommended to eat hot, cold, spicy, too sour or salty foods.
5. Wrap your throat with a warm scarf.
6. Quit smoking, do not stay in smoky or dusty rooms.
7. Always use protective equipment when working with hazardous substances.

Irina Alexandrovna

ENT doctor

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The most popular drugs for hoarseness

There is a list of commonly used medications that act on the main lesion and help restore the sonority of the voice.

Erespal

Sold in the form of syrup and tablets, it has an anti-inflammatory effect. Its main properties include:

• relieving laryngeal edema;
• increase in lumens in the bronchi;
• improving breathing;
• improving the sonority of the voice.

Adults are usually prescribed Erespal in tablets, and the syrup form has a faster effect and effect, and is more often used for children.

Miramistin

It is a powerful antiseptic that actively fights viruses and other microorganisms. Sometimes Miramistin is prescribed instead of antibiotics, since the effectiveness of using the drug is quite high.

Miramistin is available in two forms - an aerosol and a solution for local treatment of mucous membranes. Aerosol is more convenient to use.

Falimint or Septolete

Typically, lozenges such as Falimint and Septolete help to quickly restore a lost voice, alleviate a sore throat and reduce coughing. They have a mild effect on the mucous membrane, relieve inflammation and slow down the proliferation of pathogenic viruses and microorganisms.

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They help moisturize dry fabrics by enveloping them with a special protective film. Lozenges have an analgesic effect and are great for both adults and children.

Bioparox

This is an antibiotic in spray form. Promotes rapid reduction of pain, relieves pain and inflammation. Bioparox does an excellent job of destroying fungi and viruses, that is, it has a disinfecting effect. It is often used for severe and especially dry coughs. It has quite a few contraindications and side effects.

Ingalipt

Inhalipt is a proven combination drug for the treatment of hoarseness and sore throat. The main components are sulfonamides, which eliminate fungi and bacteria. The product has a slight analgesic effect, which is achieved by relieving the inflammatory process in the larynx.

Treatment at home using traditional methods

Therapy at home using traditional medicine will help reduce pain and restore your voice faster. In combination with drug treatment, traditional methods help to significantly speed up the healing process.

Herbal decoctions are very effective, relieving coughs and having a gentle effect on the source of infection. The most suitable decoction for this is from the following plants:

• oregano;
• coltsfoot;
• sweet clover;
• tricolor violet;
• liquorice root;
• eucalyptus.

Decoctions can be taken orally warm or used as rinses. Also, to protect the mucous membrane and soften it, you need to consume more honey.

Effective recipe:

• dessert spoon of honey;
• ground cinnamon on the tip of a teaspoon.

Both ingredients are mixed, after which the product is ready for use. If you have a strong cough, this folk medicine will help soften your throat.

One cannot leave aside such an effective procedure as inhalation. However, it is worth remembering that inhalation should not be done with elevated body temperature. This can make the situation worse by raising the temperature and causing even more inflammation in the body.

It is advisable to use a special device for this procedure - a nebulizer or inhaler. If this is not possible, then you can use a heating pad, a kettle, or just a saucepan. It is best to use dry eucalyptus or eucalyptus essential oil, as well as chlorophyllipt, for inhalation. Such inhalations perfectly clear the bronchi and help mucus come out faster.

Also from folk recipes for inhalations you can use:

• boiled potatoes;
• pine essential oils;
• sea ​​salt;
• medicinal herbs (chamomile, sage, calendula);
• alkaline mineral water - Borjomi, Essentuki and so on.

In addition to medications for hoarseness and traditional medicine, it is also recommended to adhere to some rules.

How to quickly restore your voice using folk remedies?

Folk remedies are a good method in addition to basic complex therapy. Their main advantage is the lack of toxicity to humans and hypoallergenicity.

Chamomile tea

Chamomile is a medicinal plant that is used in the treatment of colds and inflammatory diseases. Chamomile has tonic, softening, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.

To prepare this tea, you need:

1. Pour 2 tsp. dried plant with a glass of boiling water.
2. To cover with a lid.
3. Let it brew for 10 minutes.
4. Strain the product.

You can add sugar or honey to tea to make the taste richer.

Viburnum tea

Healthy teas, tinctures, and jams are prepared using viburnum. This plant contains a large amount of vitamins and antioxidants, also has a good diuretic effect, promotes sweating, which is important for infectious respiratory diseases. To prepare viburnum tea, you need to mash a handful of berries in a bowl that can be kept on fire.

Then pour boiling water and let it brew. When the tea has cooled to about 40 °C, you can add a spoonful of honey.

Tea with hawthorn

Hawthorn berries are rich in useful substances: flavonoids, antioxidants, vitamins, pectin, minerals. Dried berries can be combined with different types of tea, for example, black. To prepare this tea, you need to take 1 tbsp. tea and dry berries, pour a glass of boiling water, let it brew for 5 minutes. and strain. If desired, you can add lemon or sugar.

Sea buckthorn oil

Sea buckthorn oil is a good remedy for increasing overall immunity and body resistance. It should be taken daily on an empty stomach, 2-3 tsp.

Milk with honey

Milk with honey is a well-known folk way to fight colds, but now the benefits of this drink are being questioned. When heated to 40°C, honey loses its beneficial properties and even releases harmful substances. Therefore, you can heat the milk to this temperature and add 1 tbsp. honey

Cognac with honey

This method of treating aphonia is controversial, but still many claim that it is quite simple and effective. To 1 glass of cognac (50 g) you need to add ¼ tsp. honey, lemon as a snack. But this remedy should be used no more than once a day.

Ginger tea

To prepare this drink, it is best to use fresh ginger, as it better retains its beneficial properties. You need to take a small piece of ginger root, grate it, pour a glass of boiling water, add lemon and mint, close the lid and let it brew for 15-20 minutes. You can drink this tea in the morning and before bed.

Potato juice

To prepare this juice, you need to take good potatoes and boil them until soft. It is best to extract the juice using a juicer; you can also use the older method: grate the potatoes, then squeeze through cheesecloth. Potato juice does not last long, so you need to prepare a new portion before each use. You should drink juice 3 times a day after meals.